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During more than 13 years of brutal civil war, the Assad regime in Syria appeared to have triumphed over various rebel factions. But a sudden rebel offensive on November 27, 2024 marked the end of President Bashar Al-Assad’s government in less than two weeks. The most notable rebel faction is Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, or HTS, a former affiliate of Al-Qaeda led by Abu Mohammed Al-Golani, who is designated as a terrorist by the US State Department. While Golani has promised a peaceful transition of power, Syria now faces significant uncertainty over its governance. The country remains divided among multiple militias, with foreign troops and interests continuing to shape its future.
