Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida said on January 23, 2023, that the country must take urgent steps to address the country’s shrinking population. Plagued by low birth rates and a rapidly ageing society, Japan’s population has been in continuous decline for 14 years. Kishida’s pledge came after his government approved the country’s biggest military build-up in decades. Some question if the world’s third-largest economy has the manpower to maintain its national strength.