Studies suggest average body temperature is now 36.6 degrees Celsius, varying by age and health
Recent studies reveal the average body temperature is now 36.6 degrees Celsius, influenced by age, health, and lifestyle improvements. Photo: Shutterstock For a long time, we have been told that a normal body temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. However, recent studies indicate that this figure may be outdated.
Research suggests that the average body temperature has actually dropped to around 36.6 degrees Celsius. This average can change according to factors such as age, health conditions, race and gender.
A history lesson
The idea that 37 degrees is “normal” comes from 19th-century German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich. Wunderlich took more than a million temperature readings and set the standard. But that was nearly 200 years ago, and our bodies have changed.
Harvard study finds new “normal”
A 2017 Harvard Medical School study analysed data from more than 35,000 patients. The study found that the average body temperature is 36.6 degrees, ranging from 36.2 to 36.9 degrees. The research also found that body temperature varies by age, gender and medical conditions.
People with hypothyroidism often have lower temperatures. Those with cancer or higher BMIs tend to run warmer.
Why we may be running cooler
The decline in body temperature is most likely linked to improvements in health and lifestyle, according to a 2020 study published in the open-access journal eLife.
In the 19th century, people faced more infections, harsh living conditions and limited medical care. These factors kept their immune systems constantly active – raising their internal temperatures. Thanks to modern medicine, our bodies no longer have to work as hard to fight off disease.
What’s considered a fever?
Doctors traditionally define a fever as 38 degrees or higher. But if your normal temperature is lower, even 37.2 degrees might make you feel unwell. Instead of focusing on one number, experts recommend tuning into your body’s norm (see graphic).
What to do if you start feeling feverish
Hydrate: Dehydration makes everything worse, so drink plenty of fluids.
Rest: Give your body time to recover, even if your temperature isn’t very high.
Monitor symptoms: Fever is just one clue. Watch for chills, aches and fatigue.
Call a doctor if symptoms worsen: If you feel terrible despite a “normal” temp, don’t ignore it.
What are some tips for avoiding illnesses that cause fever?
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Wash your hands frequently with soap and warm water, especially after using the toilet and before eating.
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Try not to be in crowded places and avoid contact with people who you know are ill.
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Cook food thoroughly and store it properly to avoid food poisoning.
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Keep a record of your vaccinations and make sure they are up-to-date.
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Speak to your doctor before travelling to another country to make sure you have received all the vaccinations you need.