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China's population

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China's population
China's top decision-making body announced in late October that it would relax the one-child policy, a controversial birth control measure Beijing introduced officially in the early 1980s to curb population growth. But demographers say the easing in the rules will not do much to rebalance China's ageing population.
Two elderly Beijing residents stretch at an exercise park. Photo: AFP/File photo
China consumption

As Chinese retirees boost consumption, some hope for greater respect in society

Age bias is an obstacle to the growth of China’s silver economy, researchers say.

China jobs

China’s gig economy

China society

Opinion | Why women in China are still at risk of abduction and forced marriage

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China consumption

Improving migrant workers’ lives key to boosting Chinese consumption: HSBC

Report says reforms aimed at reducing their high precautionary savings rate could unlock US$95 billion a year in spending.

Migrant workers at a construction site in Shanghai. Photo: EPA
Crime in China

Why is surrogacy in China proving so difficult to ban despite the crackdown?

Undercover investigation leads to allegations of two labs operating illegally, despite the nation’s tough stance against the practice.

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China birth rate

Shanghai waives all out‑of‑pocket expenses for maternal care

The city’s fertility rate last year was just 0.66 – well below the 2.1 needed to ensure a stable population.

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Mainland China

My Take | Why China’s shrinking population may be a blessing, not a curse

Research co-authored by Nobel laureate Daron Acemoglu finds labour shortages can spur, rather than slow down, productivity and growth.

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Children experience an intelligent assisted travel robot at the 2026 China International Big Data Industry Expo on August 29 in Guiyang, China. Photo: Xinhua
China's ageing population

In Focus | China’s elderly need long-term care. Will a new insurance scheme provide it?

The central government has announced plans to provide nationwide coverage by 2028, but uneven regional development is a major hurdle.

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China birth rate

Even in the fertility heartland, China can’t stop its birth rate from falling

Economic pressure is outweighing traditional value of having large families in the Chaoshan area of eastern Guangdong.

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China economy

China needs 600% child subsidy rise to prevent deeper birth crisis: scholars

China’s fertility rate could soon fall to world’s lowest unless action is taken, as current subsidies are ‘a drop in the bucket’, scholars warn.

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Children enrolled in a daycare programme learn a cheer routine at an activity centre in Zhaotong city, Yunnan province, earlier this month. Zhaotong has introduced free daycare for working parents needing workday childcare coverage. Under the plan, children are assisted with homework and participate in extracurricular activities. Photo: Xinhua
China's ageing population

Letters | Solution to Asia’s ageing workforce could be sitting at home retired

Readers discuss second-career pathways for older professionals, and why Indonesia and China should innovate together.

Elderly people enjoy the sunshine in a park in Shanghai. Chinese government departments are increasingly hiring retirees as society ages rapidly. Photo: Shutterstock
China jobs

Record graduate influx lifts China’s youth jobless rate to 17.9% in July

An estimated 12.7 million university graduates have entered the job market this summer.

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China birth rate

China’s marriage rate is still declining. What does it spell for the economy?

Fewer weddings, rising divorces and plunging birth rates risk exacerbating the fallout from a rapidly ageing population.

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China society

Opinion | China’s baby boom depends on gender equality, not cash handouts

To arrest its falling birth rate, China must ensure women do not have to choose between motherhood and the lives they have built.

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A woman and two children shop in front of a refrigerated cheese shelf at a supermarket in Beijing on July 10. Photo: Reuters
China economy

Opinion | China’s economic shift may hinge on what migrant workers do next

Where migrant workers go, what sectors they serve and how many stay employed will shape whether productivity gains go beyond the most advanced sectors.

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Illustration: Lau Ka-kuen
China jobs

Could Filipinos benefit as China opens door to foreign domestic work schools?

Move designed to boost supply and quality of home services as Beijing seeks to create more jobs in a rapidly ageing society.

Health in China

China’s five-year public health blueprint

Officials target raising life expectancy to 80 years by 2030 in national health blueprint under 15th five-year plan.

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China consumption

Price of parenting: the household maths giving China’s consumers pause

Falling property wealth, job insecurity and sky-high childcare costs are forcing middle-class families to aggressively scale back consumer spending.

A newborn baby is seen with family members at a hospital in Heshan, south China’s Guangdong province, on February 10, 2024. Photo: Xinhua
China economy

Opinion | To prosper, China must become a magnet for international students

China must seize the opportunity to become a global education hub. Reform of its universities should begin now.

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China's ageing population

China’s state agencies are hiring retirees as the workforce rapidly ages

Universities, hospitals and government departments are actively recruiting retired former workers to cope with rapid demographic changes.

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China's economic recovery

China’s population ageing seen as ‘inevitable’ by 2050. Why push more births?

Raising the fertility rate above 1.3 still remains crucial to preventing a far worse scenario later in the century, analysts say.

An elderly couple practice tai chi at a park in Beijing. Photo: AP
China’s Communist Party

Will reluctance from local government undermine reforms to China’s hukou system?

At present, millions of workers cannot register in the cities where they work, limiting access to services such as health and education.

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Many Beijing residents are unable to secure a hukou, a document that serves as proof of residency and grants access to public services. Photo: Getty Images
China’s Communist Party

As China’s Communist Party grows more slowly, its members are getting older

World’s second-largest political party is ageing, official data shows, with nearly 30 per cent of members aged 61 or older.

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Video | Why is China overhauling its hukou system?

The hukou system once placed severe limits on migrant workers’ access to social welfare in major Chinese cities.

China’s private sector

China is fretting over a demographic crisis – but what companies might benefit?

Goldman Sachs says pharmaceutical, biotech sectors could see strongest tailwinds, while car industry, tech hardware makers may struggle.

Two elderly people in Beijing on June 1. Photo: EPA
United States

Opinion | As populations fall, nations that can tap human potential will succeed

Countries that use today’s demographic window to accumulate human and technological capital will gain a long-term advantage.

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Illustration: Craig Stephens
China consumption

China has the most smokers in the world. Is it harming the economy?

Public health experts warn low taxes on cigarettes risk undermining Beijing’s pursuit of a healthier population.

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Ageing society

Opinion | East Asia’s population challenge isn’t just about raising birth rates

Sustainable policies must strengthen people’s well-being and expand opportunities, creating a society where everyone can thrive.

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