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Asean
OpinionLetters

Letters | Asean is not choosing sides, but strategically maximising space

Readers discuss how Southeast Asian governments have gained bargaining power, the benefits of cheap public transport, and a harbourfront project

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A boat cruises past a nickel processing plant at Indonesia Weda Bay Industrial Park in Central Halmahera, North Maluku province, Indonesia in 2024. Photo: AP
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For much of the past decade, Southeast Asia has been portrayed as a strategic prize in the intensifying rivalry between the US and China. Headlines often frame the region as a battleground for influence, as if Asean members are passive actors waiting to be pulled into rival camps.

That narrative misreads the region’s political instincts. China is the region’s largest trading partner. Its infrastructure financing, manufacturing investment and supply chain integration have reshaped economic geography from Vietnam’s industrial parks to Indonesia’s nickel-processing hubs.
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At the same time, the United States remains indispensable in finance, advanced technology, security cooperation and higher education. For many Southeast Asian states, prosperity depends on maintaining both relationships simultaneously.

The US-China rivalry has, paradoxically, expanded the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ room for manoeuvre.

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As Washington seeks trusted supply chains and Beijing consolidates regional economic ties, Southeast Asian governments have gained bargaining power. They can extract investment commitments, secure technology transfers and diversify export markets by engaging both sides. The region’s diplomatic vocabulary – “inclusive”, “open”, “Asean centrality” – reflects an effort to prevent bipolar rigidity from narrowing its strategic options.
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