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Asian Angle | ‘Urban Maoists’: In Modi’s India, if you are in the right you must be on the left

Nationwide police raids on rights advocates come at a time of rising discontent and anger against the ruling BJP government

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Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi looks on as he attends a signing ceremony during the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit in Qingdao, China. His ruling government has come under fire for a crackdown on dissent following the arrest of key rights activists. Photo: AFP

India’s democracy suffered a body blow this week when police raids across six cities resulted in five prominent left-wing human rights defenders being arrested, the homes and offices of many more searched, and their documents, books, mobile phones and laptops seized.

These included lawyers, a poet, an 81-year-old Jesuit priest and a management teacher. They were all charged under an extraordinary anti-terror law, the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, which allows investigating agencies to withhold many aspects of due process.

There are three grounds that police officials alluded to in trying to justify the arrests, but did not join the dots. One was a letter allegedly found on the laptop of a person arrested in connection with an alleged plot to kill Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The second was that these activists and intellectuals were party to a plot to foment violence that rocked parts of Mumbai at the start of the year, after so-called low-caste Dalits celebrated a 200-year-old victory of Dalit soldiers in the British army against a upper caste Maratha king. This despite the fact the violence broke out after upper-caste activists attacked the Dalit rally. The third was that the accused sympathised with insurgent Maoists, with an “intent to strike terror in the people of India” and “intent to threaten the unity, integrity, security, economic security or sovereignty of India”.
Indian legislator and Dalit leader Jignesh Mevani, centre, writer activist Arundhati Roy, left, and activist Sanjay Parikh sit for a press conference opposing the arrests this week of five prominent rights activists, in New Delhi, India. Photo: AP
Indian legislator and Dalit leader Jignesh Mevani, centre, writer activist Arundhati Roy, left, and activist Sanjay Parikh sit for a press conference opposing the arrests this week of five prominent rights activists, in New Delhi, India. Photo: AP

None of the arrested activists have advocated violence against the state. But what is common to each one is that they have fought bravely and resolutely for the rights of India’s most oppressed peoples, including tribal populations who are gravely threatened by large, predatory private corporations. They are also vocal and resolute critics of the ruling party and government, deploring both the persecution of religious minorities, disadvantaged castes and workers; and what they regard to be crony-capitalist largesse to big business.

Outside China, these places are where Maoism is alive and kicking

The government and its supporters have consistently attacked its critics as “anti-national”. The supreme leader, his party, the majority Hindu community and the nation are all portrayed by the government as “one”, so any criticism of Modi, his administration’s policies or the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) can be effectively transmuted into attacks on Hindus and on the country.

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