The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialised agency of the United Nations, headquartered in Montreal, Canada. It serves as the global forum for civil aviation, dedicated to ensuring the safe, orderly, and sustainable development of international air transport. ICAO establishes and reviews international technical standards and recommended practices (SARPs) for aircraft operation, air navigation, and safety. Its key activities include promoting aviation safety, security, efficiency, and environmental protection, alongside coordinating technical support and capacity building for its 193 member states. ICAO plays a crucial role in harmonising global aviation regulations.