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China-EU relations
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Opinion
Gerui Wang

France and China are testing an alternative to zero-sum diplomacy

As the countries stake their relationship on sustainability and hi-tech cooperation, they are building a new template for bilateral ties

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French President Emmanuel Macron, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Chinese first lady Peng Liyuan gaze at the Dujiangyan irrigation system, a Unesco World Heritage site in Sichuan province on December 5. Photo: Reuters
Gerui Wang is an assistant professor at Lingnan University, and the author of Sustaining Landscapes: Governance and Ecology in Chinese Visual Culture.
French President Emmanuel Macron’s three-day visit to China last week signals a recalibration in how China and Europe engage at a moment when technological competition, trade disputes, climate imperatives and geopolitical fragmentation threaten global stability.
Macron met enthusiastic students at Sichuan University; French first lady Brigitte Macron visited the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.

The trip fostered economic collaboration between the two countries and deliberately leaned on cultural diplomacy to create deeper ties. Instead of voicing concerns or managing differences, Beijing and Paris are testing a new model of sustainable geopolitical partnership grounded in long-term development, technological collaboration, environmental governance and shared values.

During their meeting, the two leaders toured the Dujiangyan irrigation system, a Chinese engineering feat dating to the 3rd century BC that still nourishes Sichuan province, crystallising this message. The site embodies a philosophy of balancing societal growth with environmental stewardship, mirroring the broader shift in Sino-French relations: prioritising sustainable development over zero-sum competition as the guiding principle of future cooperation.

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