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Macroscope | Cold war 2.0 would exact a much higher economic price

  • It is starting to look as if the changes in global economic ties will lead not to a hot war but a new ice age where US- and China-aligned blocs coexist in an environment of slow growth and tension

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The world is increasingly being divided into pro-US and pro-China blocs, bringing back memories of the Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union which endured for nearly half a century. Photo: Shutterstock

The global economy has not yet fallen apart despite fears about deglobalisation and the fragmentation of trade and investment as nations coalesce into pro-US or pro-China blocs. But we are still in a kind of phoney war as economic tensions mount.

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Likewise with stresses in the international payments system and capital flows as the global monetary order tries to adjust to a new regime of sanctions and other restraints. This could be the calm before the storm or the start of prolonged doldrums.

A recent presentation by IMF first deputy managing director Gita Gopinath helped to put the threats in perspective although not even that august institution appears to know whether these will end in open conflict or prolonged isolationism.

In her address to the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research titled “Geopolitics and its impact on global trade and the dollar” on May 7, Gopinath observed that global economic ties are changing in ways not seen “since the end of the Cold War”.

This is obviously true. It is beginning to look as though the changes will lead not to a hot war but a new ice age where US- and China-aligned blocs coexist in an environment of slow growth and tension.

Interestingly (and rather depressingly), the International Monetary Fund sees global economic growth as likely to slow significantly over the coming three to five years compared to the past decade or so.
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