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Lee Min-Yong
Opinion
Lee Min-Yong

Why stability must come before denuclearisation on the Korean peninsula

North Korea’s nuclear reality and the overlapping interests of the US, China and Russia make tension reduction a prerequisite

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Illustration: Craig Stephens
Lee Min-Yong
Lee Min-Yong is a visiting professor in the School of Global Service at Sookmyung Women’s University, South Korea and a former adviser (foreign affairs and national security) to the Presidential Office of the Republic of Korea.
The US strikes on Iran sent a clear signal to Pyongyang. But rather than retreat or show renewed interest in denuclearisation, North Korea has doubled down on deterrence. In recent weeks, Pyongyang has tightened security around its leadership and continued its missile launches, underscoring its sensitivity to Washington’s military posture.

From Pyongyang’s perspective, these moves are meant not only to gauge how far US military pressure could one day extend, but also to signal that North Korea’s deterrent is fundamentally different from anything Iran ever had.

Comparisons between North Korea and Iran have important limits. Geopolitically and militarily, the Korean peninsula presents a vastly different environment. Applying military pressure to a nuclear-armed North Korea would be far riskier and less predictable. North Korea is widely believed to possess at least 50 nuclear warheads. That reality puts the peninsula beyond the point where military pressure alone can produce manageable outcomes.

Also, the Korean peninsula remains a strategic intersection where the interests of the United States, China and Russia overlap. Military conflict would be difficult to contain once escalation begins. The US Office of the Director of National Intelligence recently assessed that North Korea’s expanding military cooperation with Russia could pose a growing threat.
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