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North Korea
Opinion

North Korea nuclear stand-off highlights the dangers of miscalculation

Alek Chance says that in tense times, such as the impasse over Pyongyang’s nuclear weapons and missile testing, even precautionary moves by one party may send a signal of imminent danger to the other side

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North Korean leader Kim Jong-un waves to people attending a military parade marking the 105th birthday of the country’s founding father, Kim Il-sung, in Pyongyang on April 15. Photo: Reuters
Alek Chance
As threats and signalling on the Korean peninsula continue to intensify, so too does the risk of dangerous miscalculation. While such brinkmanship can be described as rational behaviour, the strategist Thomas Schelling reminds us that the effective manipulation of risk is derived from an implicit threat that the situation might escape everyone’s control.

Even if risky threats can at times cause an adversary to back down, there is also the possibility that the situation will escape human control.

As tensions between Pyongyang and Washington rise, different kinds of miscalculation can arise from issues of imperfect knowledge and structural forces that limit statesmen’s options, creating dangerous risks.

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North Korean leader Kim Jong-un’s apparent confidence that aggressive missile – and now warhead – testing can be controlled instruments of coercion is misplaced because he has no influence over how his adversaries will view these actions. He doesn’t have full knowledge of the US’ red lines, nor should he presume they will have adequate information to evaluate his actions as he intends.

The possibility that a missile test might not be perfectly discernible from a missile attack is one such example of this problem, which is only exacerbated in a crisis environment.

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A look at the Cuban missile crisis reveals how random occurrences and incomplete information can have dangerous implications during times of tension. To a mind preoccupied with a heightened sense of threat and urgency, an adversary’s long-scheduled surveillance flight or a simple technical malfunction might be misinterpreted as signs of an attack.

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