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Urban planning
Opinion

Hong Kong can discover a whole new way of life, below ground

Agnes Tai envisages how underground space development and electronic road pricing in congested urban areas could transform life in the city

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Overcrowded pedestrian areas and health risks from roadside pollution could be tackled with effective underground space development. Photo: K. Y. Cheng
Agnes Tai
The Hong Kong government is seeking public input to identify the potential for underground space development in the four strategic urban areas of Tsim Sha Tsui West, Causeway Bay, Happy Valley and Admiralty/Wan Chai.

Kowloon Park, Victoria Park and Southorn Playground have potential for underground malls, sports and recreational facilities and links to the MTR. The urban environment would be improved by relocating incompatible above-ground facilities and developing underground space.

Government floats below-ground proposals for Hong Kong’s built-up areas

The pilot study presents successful cases in Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Taipei, Montreal, Paris, Guangzhou, Copenhagen and Seoul. Not mentioned is the Shenzhen Link City underground mall in downtown Futian. With connections to the Shenzhen International Convention and Exhibition Centre and three metro stations, as well as the high-speed rail link, the mall has 19 underground entrances providing access to a gigantic space 663 metres across, with a catchment area spanning nearly 20 office buildings involving 1.5 million square metres, and links visitors to four big shopping malls.

Optimal utilisation of underground space could turn out to be a life-saving exercise, given the heavy roadside pollution in Hong Kong. Photo: Nora Tam
Optimal utilisation of underground space could turn out to be a life-saving exercise, given the heavy roadside pollution in Hong Kong. Photo: Nora Tam

Get creative with underground space

Making the best use of underground space would not only enhance urban practicality and connectivity in Hong Kong, it could be a life-saving exercise. A 2015 study found air pollution in Central exceeds the World Health Organisation’s daily air quality guidelines for more than 75 per cent of the year, with areas such as Causeway Bay not much better off. Clearly, pedestrians in congested areas face considerable health risks. One reason is that there are too many private cars. These accounted for more than 550,000 out of the 741,324 total vehicle registrations in September, despite less than 10 per cent of local residents being private-car owners. One interest group showed in its study that carbon emissions per private car occupant, per kilometre, are five times those of a bus passenger and 60 times those of a rail passenger.

Charge big polluters more under Hong Kong’s electronic road pricing scheme

Also, the Environmental Protection Department estimates that traffic noise above 70 decibels affects 1.1 million people. Hence, the proposed electronic road pricing system together with underground development in urban areas should be welcomed by road users. However, an electronic road pricing proposal earlier this year met with much resistance.
Air pollution in Central exceeds WHO daily air quality guidelines for more than 75 per cent of the year

Car parks are not a main feature in the pilot study; yet, more underground car parks with short and easy links to public transport would greatly alleviate congestion in Central, with or without electronic road pricing. This would indirectly help ease pollution and could potentially bring big spenders to underground malls.

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