after

applicationIds

count

entityId

scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds

authorPageQuery

filter

author

entityUuid

name

urlAlias

types

authorContentListAuthor

authorAuthorContentListAuthor

authorRelatedTopicsAuthor

authorLinkingDataAuthor

authorHeaderAuthor

authorSeoAuthor

query authorPageQuery(
  $entityId: String!
  $applicationIds: [String]
  $after: String
  $count: Int = 30
  $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds: [String]
) {
  author(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    entityUuid
    name
    urlAlias
    types
    ...authorContentListAuthor_37cYa4
    ...authorAuthorContentListAuthor_37cYa4
    ...authorRelatedTopicsAuthor_37cYa4
    ...authorLinkingDataAuthor
    ...authorHeaderAuthor
    ...authorSeoAuthor
    id
  }
}

fragment articleCommentArticle on Article {
  ...entityLink
  commentCount
  entityId
}

fragment authorAuthorContentListAuthor_37cYa4 on Author {
  contents(after: $after, first: $count, filter: {applicationIds: $applicationIds}, exclude: {paywallTypeIds: $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds}, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {
    edges {
      __typename
      cursor
      node {
        __typename
        id
      }
    }
    pageInfo {
      endCursor
      hasNextPage
    }
  }
  id
}

fragment authorAvatarAuthor on Author {
  ...entityLink
  entityId
  entityUuid
  name
  image(filter: {type: AUTHOR_IMAGE}) {
    style(filter: {style: "300x300"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment authorContentListAuthor_37cYa4 on Author {
  contents(after: $after, first: $count, filter: {applicationIds: $applicationIds}, exclude: {paywallTypeIds: $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds}, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {
    edges {
      node {
        __typename
        entityId
        ...secondaryContentItemContent
        id
      }
      cursor
    }
    pageInfo {
      endCursor
      hasNextPage
    }
  }
  entityId
  id
}

fragment authorHeaderAuthor on Author {
  entityId
  name
  location
  socialLinks {
    class
    url
  }
  role {
    text
  }
  bio
  education
  areaOfExpertise
  languageSpoken
  ...entityFollowButtonBase
  ...authorAvatarAuthor
  ...authorSocialLinksAuthor
}

fragment authorLinkingDataAuthor on Author {
  bio
  areaOfExpertise
  urlAlias
  name
  image320x320: image(filter: {type: AUTHOR_IMAGE}) {
    style(filter: {style: "320x320"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  languageSpoken
  location
  role {
    text
  }
}

fragment authorRelatedTopicsAuthor_37cYa4 on Author {
  contents(after: $after, first: $count, filter: {applicationIds: $applicationIds}, exclude: {paywallTypeIds: $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds}, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {
    edges {
      node {
        __typename
        topics {
          entityId
          name
          ...entityLink
          id
        }
        id
      }
    }
  }
}

fragment authorSeoAuthor on Author {
  entityId
  bio
  name
  urlAlias
  ...hooksUseDynamicMetaTags
}

fragment authorSocialLinksAuthor on Author {
  socialLinks {
    class
    title
    url
  }
}

fragment contentActionBarContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  createdDate
  updatedDate
  publishedDate
  readingTime
  ...articleCommentArticle
  ...helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle
  ...helpersGetContentTypeNameContent
  ... on Article {
    hasVideoContent
  }
}

fragment contentCoverImageContent_HMm4X on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  images {
    url
    title
    type
    size540x360: style(filter: {style: "540x360"}) {
      url
    }
    size80x80: style(filter: {style: "80x80"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  socialHeadline
  ...contentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
}

fragment contentLiveTagContent on Article {
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
}

fragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentSummaryContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  summary {
    text
  }
}

fragment contentTopicLinkContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    urlAlias
    ...entityLink
    ...topicLinkTopic
    id
  }
}

fragment entityFollowButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Section {
    entityId
    name
  }
  ... on Author {
    entityId
    name
    disableFollow
  }
  ... on Topic {
    entityId
    name
    disableFollow
  }
}

fragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  entityId
  entityUuid
  urlAlias
  urlRedirect {
    toUrl
    id
  }
  application {
    entityId
    id
  }
  ... on Section {
    fullSectionPath {
      entityId
      id
    }
    parentSection
  }
  ...helpersAppBarVariantBase
  ...helpersApplicationBase
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...helpersSectionContent
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
}

fragment helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    paywallTypes {
      entityUuid
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetContentTypeNameContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    ...helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle
  }
}

fragment helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle on Article {
  multimediaEmbed {
    json
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {
  authors {
    types
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    sponsor {
      ...sponsorTagSponsor
      name
      type
      id
    }
    id
  }
  ... on Article {
    sponsorType
  }
  ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent
}

fragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        name
        entityId
        description {
          text
        }
        id
      }
    }
    ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  }
  flag
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  ...hooksContentHelperContent
}

fragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle
  ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle
  ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle
  flag
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_4yR8km on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentActionBarContent
  ...contentCoverImageContent_HMm4X
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentLiveTagContent
  ...contentSummaryContent
  ...contentTopicLinkContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
    ...videoDurationOverlayVideo
  }
  ... on Gallery {
    __typename
  }
}

fragment hooksUseDynamicMetaTags on DynamicMetaTags {
  __isDynamicMetaTags: __typename
  metatags {
    key
    value
  }
}

fragment secondaryContentItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ...entityLink
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_4yR8km
}

fragment sponsorTagSponsor on Sponsor {
  name
  type
  images {
    url
  }
}

fragment topicLinkTopic on Topic {
  ...entityLink
  name
  shortName
}

fragment videoDurationOverlayVideo on Video {
  duration
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}


R. James Breiding

Macroscope | US needs a Swiss-style ‘debt brake’ to limit government borrowing

An amendment to the Swiss constitution obliging the federal government to balance its budget brought down the country’s debt-to-GDP ratio. Given the size of the US national debt, similar legislation could ensure elected officials are more accountable to the citizens they represent.